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Brief Biographies

The portraits and name tiles (155 total, including the artist and studio assistant) featured on the Our Queer Kin Mosaic Mural represent key intersections of diversity among our queer ancestors and contemporaries. This selection is not exhaustive and is bound by the physical dimensions of the mural. These depictions invite viewers to actively participate in shaping queer narratives, allowing us to articulate and celebrate our individual and collective stories. We encourage you to explore the embedded links for deeper insights and to seek additional information on these and other inspirational figures. This engagement serves as a practice in actively remembering a queer past and present, often obscured by prevailing norms of oppression. The descriptions, organized alphabetically, were collaboratively crafted by A. Bush and the artist. The tiles, varying in size, are made of porcelain clay with Stroke 'N Coat glazes and Designer-Liner detailing, all fired to cone 5.

Jane Addams

Jane Addams was a pioneering American social worker and reformer known for founding Hull House, one of the first settlement houses in the U.S., which provided essential services to immigrant and working-class communities in Chicago. Addams advocated for social reforms such as improved working conditions, women's suffrage, and peace efforts. Her work at Hull House and her commitment to social justice earned her widespread acclaim, culminating in her being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931, making her the first American woman to receive this honor.

Lucy Hicks Anderson

Lucy Hicks Anderson was an African American transgender woman who defied societal norms and fought for recognition of her gender identity. Assigned male at birth but identifying and living as a woman from a young age, she faced discrimination and legal challenges but persisted in asserting her identity. Despite facing prosecution for perjury due to her marriages, Anderson remained steadfast in her assertion of her gender identity.

Gloria Anzaldúa

Gloria Anzaldúa was a Chicana feminist scholar, poet, and cultural theorist whose work challenged dominant narratives and expanded understandings of race, gender, and sexuality. Her seminal text, "Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza," introduced the concept of the borderlands as sites of both oppression and resistance. Anzaldúa celebrated the "mestiza consciousness," emphasizing the importance of language and storytelling as tools for resistance and cultural preservation.

Gregg Araki

Gregg Araki is a renowned American filmmaker recognized for his influential contributions to independent cinema, particularly in depicting LGBTQIA+ and youth culture. Emerging during the New Queer Cinema movement of the 1990s, his films like "The Living End" and "Totally Fucked Up" boldly tackled themes of sexuality and alienation. Araki's work, including the acclaimed "Mysterious Skin," continues to challenge mainstream narratives, offering raw and unapologetic portrayals of queer experiences while advocating for LGBTQIA+ representation and addressing social issues.

Urooj Arshad

Urooj Arshad is a Pakistani-American Muslim queer activist renowned for their work in advocating for LGBTQ+ rights, racial justice, and immigrant rights, emphasizing the unique challenges faced by LGBTQ+ Muslims and other marginalized groups within the movement. Serving as the Director of International LGBTQ+ Youth Health and Rights Programs at Advocates for Youth, Arshad has been instrumental in promoting the rights and welfare of LGBTQ+ youth worldwide, especially those from immigrant and refugee backgrounds.

Howard Ashman

Howard Ashman was an American playwright, lyricist, and director whose work changed the landscape of musical theater and animation. Best known for his collaborations with composer Alan Menken, Ashman's lyrical genius contributed to the success of Disney classics such as "The Little Mermaid," "Beauty and the Beast," and "Aladdin." Ashman's work on "Beauty and the Beast" earned him a posthumous Academy Award. Despite his career being cut short by his untimely death from AIDS, Ashman's legacy endures.

Ron Austin

Ron Austin was a key LGBTQIA+ activist in Australia, notably involved in establishing the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras, which began as a protest march in 1978 to demand equal rights for LGBTQIA+ individuals. The event marked the start of a significant movement for LGBTQIA+ visibility and rights in Australia and beyond. Austin's contributions laid the groundwork for the Mardi Gras to evolve into a globally recognized celebration of LGBTQIA+ culture and activism.

Francis Bacon

Francis Bacon was a British painter known for his raw, unsettling imagery and bold, chaotic brushwork, which made him one of the most influential artists of the 20th century. Bacon's work often depicted distorted human figures, set against stark, abstract backgrounds, conveying themes of existential dread, isolation, and vulnerability. Bacon's openly gay identity in a time of significant social stigma also influenced his work, with his art serving as a commentary on the issues of identity, body, and the constraints of society.

Gilbert Baker

Gilbert Baker was an American artist and LGBTQIA+ rights activist, known for creating the Rainbow Flag, a global emblem of LGBTQIA+ pride and diversity. He introduced the flag in 1978 at San Francisco's Gay Freedom Day Parade, using the American flag’s stripes and the diverse symbolism of the rainbow to represent the unity and diversity of the LGBTQIA+ community. Initially comprising eight colors, each signifying concepts from life to artistry, Baker's design swiftly became a worldwide symbol of LGBTQIA+ identity and solidarity.

Josephine Baker

Josephine Baker was an American-born French entertainer, resistance agent, and civil rights activist, celebrated as a symbol of the Jazz Age. Known for her electrifying performances and iconic "banana skirt" dance at the Folies Bergère in Paris, she broke racial barriers and achieved global fame. Baker's commitment to fighting racism was evident through her involvement in the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, refusal to perform for segregated audiences, and participation in the French Resistance during World War II, for which she received prestigious honors.

James Baldwin

James Baldwin was a prolific African American writer, essayist, and social critic whose work tackled themes of race, sexuality, and identity in America. Baldwin emerged as a leading voice in the civil rights movement and American literature with his seminal novel "Go Tell It on the Mountain", which explored African American struggles and family dynamics. Throughout his career, Baldwin's essays, including those in "Notes of a Native Son" and "The Fire Next Time" , offered incisive critiques of racism and white supremacy while delving into his experiences as a gay man.

Tammy Baldwin

Tammy Baldwin made history in 2012 as the first openly gay senator elected to the United States Senate and the first woman to represent Wisconsin in the Senate. She later served in the United States House of Representatives before her election to the Senate. Baldwin advocates for healthcare reform, environmental protection, and economic justice, and continues to be a vocal advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights, healthcare access, and economic fairness. She has used her platform to raise awareness about LGBTQIA+ issues and push for greater equality and acceptance, including marriage equality and nondiscrimination protections.

Jean-Michel Basquiat

Jean-Michel Basquiat was a trailblazing American artist known for his expressive, graffiti-inspired paintings that tackled themes of race, identity, and social injustice. Emerging in the vibrant New York City art scene of the late 1970s and early 1980s, Basquiat's work challenged prevailing notions of art and brought attention to issues of representation and inclusion. Despite his untimely death at the age of 27, Basquiat's profound impact on contemporary art continues to inspire new generations of artists and admirers worldwide.

Bobbie Lea Bennett

Bobbie Lea Bennett was a pioneering advocate for disability and transgender rights, dedicating her life to dismantling societal barriers and advocating for marginalized communities. Bennett worked tirelessly to address the intersecting forms of discrimination faced by disabled and transgender individuals, including ableism and transphobia. Her commitment to intersectionality and her efforts to raise awareness and promote inclusion significantly advanced social justice movements for both disability and transgender rights.

Gladys Bentley

Gladys Bentley was an influential African American blues singer, pianist, and entertainer renowned for her powerful voice and daring performances during the Harlem Renaissance. Bentley broke barriers with her openly lesbian identity and gender-play performances at a time when such expressions of gender and sexuality were not only taboo but also illegal. Performing primarily in the bars and clubs of Harlem, Bentley became famous for her tuxedo and top hat attire, her playful engagement with audiences. Bentley's music and public persona challenged the prevailing norms of race, gender, and sexuality, making her a pivotal figure in the history of LGBTQIA+ culture and the Harlem Renaissance.

Rosa Bonheur

Rosa Bonheur was a pioneering French artist known for her remarkable talent as a painter, particularly in depicting animals. Bonheur defied expectations and achieved international acclaim, notably with her monumental painting "The Horse Fair." She also challenged gender norms in her personal life, living openly with her female partner and dressing in masculine clothing, while her bold and independent spirit extended to her work as a sculptor, showcasing her exceptional skill in capturing the beauty of the natural world.

Boy George

Boy George is a British singer, songwriter, DJ, and fashion icon famous for his role as the lead vocalist of the Grammy-winning pop band Culture Club. Known for his androgynous style, vibrant outfits, and bold makeup during the early 1980s, he challenged traditional gender and sexuality norms in the music industry. His distinctive approach and openness about his sexuality have made him a significant figure in the LGBTQIA+ community, encouraging others to celebrate their individuality and self-expression.

Adolf Brand

Adolf Brand was a German writer and advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He founded the first homosexual organization in Germany, "Community of the Special," in 1897, providing a platform for LGBTQIA+ individuals to organize and advocate for their rights. Brand's activism extended through his publication of "Der Eigene," a pioneering magazine that challenged prevailing attitudes towards sexuality and gender, advocating for the decriminalization of homosexuality and LGBTQIA+ individuals' rights.

Judith Butler

Judith Butler is a leading American philosopher and gender theorist renowned for her theory of gender performativity, introduced in her influential book "Gender Trouble." Butler argues that gender is a complex performance shaped by societal norms and behaviors, disrupting binary understandings of male and female. Her broader work explores how societal norms and power dynamics shape perceptions of life's value and advocating for LGBTQIA+ rights.

Camille Cabral

Camille Cabral is a leading transgender activist and educator in France, renowned for her tireless efforts to advance transgender rights and visibility. She addresses discrimination, stigma, and violence against transgender individuals, focusing on crucial issues like healthcare access and legal recognition. Cabral's work includes co-founding organizations and initiatives dedicated to supporting transgender people, particularly youth, refugees, and marginalized communities.

Paul Cadmus

Paul Cadmus, an American painter known for his detailed and provocative works, challenged social norms through his candid depictions of human form and critique of contemporary society. His famous painting "The Fleet's In!" sparked controversy with its portrayal of homosexuality and drunkenness. Despite controversies, Cadmus continued to push boundaries, exploring themes of sexuality, gender, and the body, making him a pioneering figure in representing queer themes in American art while earning recognition for his technical skill and bold subject matter.

Loren Cameron

Loren Cameron is an American photographer, author, and activist, renowned for his contributions to the visibility and understanding of transgender and gender non-conforming individuals. His groundbreaking book, "Body Alchemy: Transsexual Portraits," published in 1996, was pivotal in showcasing the beauty and complexity of transgender identities through intimate and powerful photographic portraits. Cameron's work, both as a photographer and as a speaker, focuses on the dignity, resilience, and diversity of the trans experience, challenging societal norms and stereotypes about gender.

Margaret Cho

Margaret Cho, an American comedian, actress, and advocate, has been a trailblazing figure in entertainment since the early 1990s. Known for her comedy that addresses social and political issues such as race, sexuality, and feminism, Cho has used her platform to challenge stereotypes and advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights, body positivity, and anti-racism. As a bisexual woman of Korean descent, her work reflects her experiences with intersectionality, offering both humor and critical insight into the complexities of identity and societal norms.

Cecilia Chung

Cecilia Chung is an internationally recognized civil rights leader and advocate for HIV/AIDS awareness, LGBTQ+ rights, and social justice, particularly known for her work in supporting transgender communities. As a transgender woman of Asian descent, Chung's activism is informed by her own experiences with discrimination, health disparities, and social exclusion, driving her commitment to health advocacy, anti-violence efforts, and the rights of transgender people and those living with HIV/AIDS. Throughout her career, Chung has held significant leadership roles, including serving on the San Francisco Human Rights Commission and being a founding producer of the Trans March.

Leslie Cochran

Leslie Cochran, a celebrated figure in Austin, Texas, was renowned for defying gender norms and advocating for the rights of the homeless and the LGBTQ+ community. Known for their flamboyant attire and provocative public appearances, Cochran became an iconic presence in Austin, often seen dressed in drag. Their bold and unapologetic expression of gender and steadfast refusal to adhere to societal expectations solidified their status as a symbol of resilience and defiance.

Claude Cohun

Claude Cahun was a French artist, photographer, and writer known for challenging conventional gender and sexuality norms through their work. Adopting a gender-neutral pseudonym, Cahun is celebrated for self-portraits that delve into gender identity's fluidity. Along with their partner Marcel Moore, Cahun participated in the Surrealist movement and engaged in anti-Nazi resistance during World War II, earning recognition for their trailblazing explorations of gender, identity, and self-performativity.

Jason Paul Collins

Jason Collins, a former professional basketball player, made history by being the first openly gay athlete to play in any major North American professional sports league. After coming out in a 2013 Sports Illustrated article, Collins continued his successful career in the NBA, signing with the Brooklyn Nets for the 2013-2014 season. His courageous decision to come out was celebrated for breaking down barriers and promoting LGBTQIA+ representation and inclusion in professional sports.

Jazzie Collins

Jazzie Collins was a prominent transgender activist based in Los Angeles, known for her advocacy and community leadership. She co-founded the Los Angeles Transgender Community Coalition (LATCC) in the early 1990s, providing support, advocacy, and outreach to transgender individuals. Collins was also a vocal critic of police harassment against transgender people, advocating for greater accountability and sensitivity in law enforcement. Her legacy endures as a pioneering leader in the fight for transgender rights and a symbol of hope and resilience for the community.

Maureen Colquhoun

Maureen Colquhoun was a British politician and the first openly lesbian Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom. Elected as a Labour MP in 1974, her tenure was marked by her advocacy for women's rights, LGBTQIA+ rights, and social justice issues. Colquhoun's public acknowledgment of her sexuality in 1976 was groundbreaking. Despite facing significant discrimination and even attempts from within her own party to deselect her, she remained an advocate for change, focusing on economic equality, gender equality, and the rights of marginalized communities.

Roberta Cowell

Roberta Cowell was a pioneering British transgender woman who made significant contributions to various fields, including aviation and motorsport, before undergoing gender confirmation surgery in the mid-20th century. Her transition marked a groundbreaking event in a time of limited understanding and acceptance of transgender individuals. Cowell's autobiography, "Roberta Cowell's Story," published in 1954, provides a firsthand account of her transition journey, shedding light on the medical and social challenges she faced and contributing to the history of transgender visibility and advocacy.

Laverne Cox

Laverne Cox, a transgender actress, advocate, and producer, rose to prominence for her role as Sophia Burset in "Orange Is the New Black," making history as the first openly transgender Emmy nominee. Cox uses her platform to advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights and transgender visibility, addressing issues like discrimination and healthcare disparities. Beyond her acting career, Cox is a vocal supporter of transgender equality, actively opposing anti-transgender legislation and promoting inclusive policies.

Victoria Cruz

Victoria Cruz is a transgender activist and advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights, particularly known for her work in addressing violence against the transgender community. With a career spanning several decades, Cruz has worked to support victims of hate crimes and domestic violence, drawing from her own experiences as a transgender woman of color to inform her advocacy and activism. Cruz's work has often focused on providing direct support and resources to vulnerable members of the LGBTQIA+ community, including legal assistance, counseling, and advocacy for transgender rights. Her efforts have been instrumental in raising awareness about the issues facing transgender individuals, particularly trans women of color, who face disproportionately high rates of violence and discrimination.

Da Vinci

Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist of the High Renaissance, was celebrated for his talents across multiple disciplines, including art, science, mathematics, engineering, and anatomy. His iconic works like "The Last Supper" and the "Mona Lisa" are revered as masterpieces of Renaissance art. Da Vinci's insatiable curiosity led him to explore diverse fields, from inventing machines like the helicopter and tank to conducting pioneering studies in anatomy through cadaver dissection.

Angela Davis

Angela Davis is celebrated as an iconic figure in American history, known for her tireless activism, scholarship, and advocacy for civil rights, feminism, and social justice. Her fearless challenges against racial segregation and state violence made her a target of government persecution. Davis's wrongful imprisonment in 1970 sparked an international campaign for her release. Throughout her career, she has remained a steadfast advocate for marginalized communities, using her platform as an educator and writer to address issues of race, gender, and incarceration, inspiring generations of activists worldwide.

Stormé DeLarverie

Stormé DeLarverie was a key figure in the LGBTQIA+ rights movement, notably for her role in the Stonewall uprising of June 1969. A mixed-race lesbian woman, DeLarverie challenged gender norms as a performer before Stonewall and later physically resisted the police during the raid on the Stonewall Inn. Following Stonewall, she continued her activism, serving as a guardian of lesbians in New York City's Greenwich Village, ensuring their safety and participating in community events.

Levi Suydam

Levi Suydam gained historical significance for their involvement in a legal and social controversy surrounding gender and voting rights. Suydam, assigned female at birth but living as a man, applied to vote in a local election in 1843, sparking a debate over their gender identity and eligibility. Despite presenting as male and being declared predominantly male by a local doctor, Suydam's case stirred heated discussion, highlighting the challenges faced by gender non-conforming individuals in a society with limited understanding of gender diversity. The case remains one of the earliest recorded instances of gender scrutiny in the context of legal and voting rights in the United States.

Marlene Dietrich

Marlene Dietrich was a German-American actress and singer who became an international screen icon through her work in Hollywood films, her distinctive deep voice, and her glamorous public persona. Dietrich was renowned for her progressive attitudes towards gender and sexuality, often challenging traditional norms through her fashion choices and roles. Her penchant for wearing trousers and men's suits at a time when such attire was controversial for women made her a style icon and a trailblazer in redefining femininity and androgyny. Dietrich's personal life, marked by her bisexuality and numerous relationships with both men and women, positioned her as ahead of her time in terms of sexual liberation and gender fluidity.

Michael Dillon

Michael Dillon was a trailblazing figure in transgender history, becoming one of the first individuals to undergo female-to-male gender confirmation surgery and live openly as a transgender man. Dillon sought medical treatment in the early 1930s and underwent groundbreaking surgeries in 1946, including phalloplasty and orchidectomy, Dillon legally changed his name to Michael and pursued a career in medicine, becoming a respected physician and researcher in endocrinology. His life and pioneering journey were chronicled in the 1988 biography "The First Man-Made Man" by Pagan Kennedy.

Divine

Divine was an American actor, singer, and iconic drag queen best known for his dynamic collaborations with filmmaker John Waters and his status as a counterculture and LGBTQIA+ icon. Divine challenged conventional norms of gender and beauty, making significant cultural impacts with roles in Waters' films like "Pink Flamingos," "Female Trouble," and "Hairspray." His portrayal of Edna Turnblad in "Hairspray" brought him mainstream recognition, demonstrating his versatility as an actor. Additionally, Divine enjoyed a successful music career in the 1980s with several dance hits.

Karl Dürrge

Karl Dürrge was a significant figure in intersex activism. Assigned female at birth but identifying and living as male, Dürrge was among the earliest openly intersex individuals recorded. His life challenged societal gender norms, sparking discussions about intersexuality and gender diversity.

Deborah Edel

Deborah Edel is celebrated for co-founding the Lesbian Herstory Archives with Joan Nestle in 1974, a pioneering initiative to preserve and honor lesbian history, culture, and experience at a time when such narratives were often overlooked in mainstream historical records and studies. Originating in their Brooklyn apartment, the Archives have expanded to become the world's largest and longest-running repository dedicated to lesbian history. Edel has played a crucial role in ensuring that lesbian lives, stories, and contributions are recognized and preserved.

Lili Elbe

Lili Elbe was a Danish transgender woman and one of the first people to undergo gender affirming surgery. Originally a successful painter known as Einar Wegener, she transitioned in the early 1930s, a time when transgender identities were largely misunderstood. Her story, which was later depicted in the novel "The Danish Girl" by David Ebershoff and its film adaptation, remains a source of inspiration and recognition for the transgender community.

Reed Erickson

Reed Erickson, a philanthropist and trans activist, significantly impacted the LGBTQIA+ community by leveraging his success in business to support transgender causes. In 1964, he established the Erickson Educational Foundation, which funded transgender research, support organizations, and educational initiatives, playing a pivotal role in early transgender advocacy and medical research. Beyond transgender rights, Erickson's philanthropy extended to environmental conservation and drug rehabilitation programs, underscoring the intersection of gender, philanthropy, and activism in advancing transgender rights and understanding.

Justin Fashanu

Justin Fashanu made history as the first openly gay male professional footballer in the world. Despite facing discrimination and prejudice, particularly within the football community, Fashanu continued his career with various clubs in England and abroad. However, his life was marked by personal struggles, including injuries and off-field issues, and he tragically took his own life in 1998 at the age of 37, sparking conversations about homophobia and discrimination in football.

Leslie Feinberg

Leslie Feinberg, a pioneering transgender activist and writer, authored "Stone Butch Blues," a seminal work exploring gender identity and class struggle. Feinberg identified as both transgender and lesbian and used various pronouns. "Stone Butch Blues” is celebrated for its honest portrayal of butch lesbian and transgender experiences.

Avram Finkelstein

Avram Finkelstein is an American artist, writer, and activist known for his role in the response to the AIDS crisis during the 1980s and 1990s. He is best known as a founding member of the Silence=Death collective, which created the iconic Silence=Death poster, a symbol that became synonymous with AIDS activism and the fight against the epidemic's politicization and the societal stigma faced by the LGBTQIA+ community. His artwork, featuring a pink triangle against a black background with the words "Silence = Death," was pivotal in creating awareness and action against AIDS. Finkelstein's activism did not stop with visual art; he has been deeply involved in various activist groups, including ACT UP (AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power), where he used his skills in graphic design to further the cause of HIV/AIDS awareness and to fight for the rights and dignity of those affected by the disease.

E. M. Forster

E. M. Forster is celebrated as one of the greatest British novelists of the 20th century. His works, including "A Room with a View," "Howards End,' ' and "A Passage to India," delve into themes such as class difference, sexuality, and individual desires versus societal expectations. Forster's novel "Maurice," published posthumously due to its explicit portrayal of homosexual desire, remains a significant contribution to LGBTQIA+ literature.

Michel Foucault

Michel Foucault was a gay French philosopher and social theorist whose work profoundly influenced contemporary thought in sociology, cultural studies, and critical theory. He extensively explored power dynamics within society, focusing on institutions like prisons, hospitals, and schools, challenging traditional notions of history and authority. Foucault's analysis of sexuality, biopower, and disciplinary power has had a lasting impact on queer theory and studies of gender and sexuality, providing critical insights into the formation and regulation of sexual norms and identities.

Jared French

Jared French, an American painter, initially aligned with the Precisionist movement, emphasizing geometric precision in depictions of urban scenes. However, he later shifted towards a more figurative and narrative style influenced by Surrealism and Magic Realism, exploring themes of mythology, sexuality, and the human condition. Known for his dreamlike compositions and enigmatic narratives, French's work often featured idealized male figures in symbolic settings, reflecting his fascination with classical beauty and the unconscious mind.

Sally Gearhart

Sally Miller Gearhart, a pioneering American feminist, activist, author, and professor, has made significant contributions to LGBTQIA+ rights, feminist theory, and environmentalism throughout her career. She is known for her groundbreaking feminist science fiction novel "The Wanderground" (1979) and her intersectional activism advocating for the rights of women, LGBTQIA+ individuals, and the environment. Gearhart co-founded early LGBTQIA+ organizations and played a crucial role in the fight for LGBTQIA+ rights, while also shaping academia by teaching women's studies and LGBTQIA+ studies at San Francisco State University and co-authoring one of the first women's studies programs in the country.

Barbara Gittings

Barbara Gittings was known for her pivotal role in advancing LGBTQIA+ rights and visibility in the United States. Co-founding one of the earliest lesbian rights organizations, the New York chapter of the Daughters of Bilitis, she served as its president and worked tirelessly to promote visibility and acceptance of lesbian women. Gittings also advocated for LGBTQIA+ literature inclusion in libraries, co-founding the American Library Association's Gay Task Force, where she fought against censorship and discrimination while championing LGBTQIA+ authors and literature.

Gluck

Gluck, originally Hannah Gluckstein, was a pioneering British painter known for her innovative approach to art and her defiance of traditional gender norms. She adopted the name Gluck and created striking compositions characterized by bold colors and simplified forms. Her intimate portrait of "Medallion" captures the essence of her lover, Nesta Obermer, reflecting both her artistic talent and her unconventional personal life as an openly lesbian woman in early 20th-century Britain.

Felix Gonzalez-Torres

Felix Gonzalez-Torres was a highly influential American artist known for his conceptual artworks exploring themes of love, loss, identity, and activism. Born in Cuba, he became a leading figure in contemporary art. His "Untitled" (Portrait of Ross in L.A.) series, created in tribute to his partner who died of AIDS-related complications, symbolized the impact of the epidemic on the LGBTQIA+ community.

Duncan Grant

Duncan Grant was a British painter and designer associated with the Bloomsbury Group, known for his vibrant and eclectic work across various mediums, including painting, textile design, and ceramics. Grant's art often combined abstraction and figuration, pushing boundaries in the British art scene. His personal life, marked by close relationships within the Bloomsbury Group and a lifelong partnership with Vanessa Bell, reflected his openness about his homosexuality. Grant's home, Charleston Farmhouse, became a focal point for the group's artistic experimentation and unconventional lifestyles.

Miss Major Griffin-Gracy

Miss Major Griffin-Gracy, commonly known as Miss Major, is a trailblazer in advocating for the rights of transgender women of color. Her activism spans several decades and focuses on supporting marginalized and incarcerated transgender individuals. As a Black transgender woman, she has confronted racism, sexism, and transphobia, notably through her role as Executive Director of the Transgender Gender Variant Intersex Justice Project , aiming to reform the prison system and aid trans people transitioning from incarceration.

Emile Griffith

Emile Griffith, a legendary boxer, achieved success in multiple weight classes but faced personal challenges related to his sexuality and identity. Known for his tragic fight with Benny Paret in 1962, Griffith struggled with guilt and trauma after Paret's death. Griffith later embraced his bisexuality, reflecting the complexities of identity within the hyper-masculine world of professional boxing.

Sunil Gupta

Sunil Gupta is a photographer and activist, whose work has played a significant role in documenting and advocating for LGBTQIA+ rights and visibility, particularly within the South Asian community. Born in New Delhi, India, and having spent much of his life in Canada, the UK, and the United States, Gupta’s photography often explores themes of gay identity and the intersectionality of race, sexuality, and culture. His projects, notably "Exiles," "Homelands," and "Queer," combine personal narrative with social commentary, challenging the stereotypes related to sexuality and HIV/AIDS.

Lorraine Hansberry

Lorraine Hansberry was a groundbreaking playwright and activist known for her influential work in 20th-century American literature. Her play "A Raisin in the Sun” explored themes of race, class, and family dynamics, becoming the first play by an African American woman to be produced on Broadway. Hansberry addressed pressing social and political issues, advocating for racial justice and equality while leaving a lasting impact on American literature, theater, and the Civil Rights Movement.

Keith Haring

Keith Haring was a celebrated American artist and social activist whose iconic artwork emerged from New York City's street culture of the 1980s. Known for his bold lines, vibrant colors, and symbolic imagery, Haring used his art to address social issues such as AIDS awareness, apartheid, and LGBTQIA+ rights. He became deeply involved in HIV/AIDS activism during the 1980s.Haring's legacy as an artist, activist, and LGBTQIA+ icon continues to inspire generations worldwide.

Marsden Hartley

Marsden Hartley, an influential American modernist painter and poet, blended European modernism with American folk art and symbolism in his bold and expressive style. Hartley's career took him to cities across the US and Europe, where he absorbed influences from movements like Cubism and Expressionism. His work explored themes of identity and spirituality, with his "German Officer" series delving into nationalism and homoeroticism based on his experiences in Berlin.

Harry Hay

Harry Hay was a pioneering American LGBTQIA+ rights activist known for co-founding the Mattachine Society, one of the earliest LGBTQIA+ rights organizations in the United States. Hay's activism began in the 1940s with involvement in leftist and progressive movements. He co-founded the Mattachine Society in 1950, aiming to advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights, challenge discrimination, and provide support to marginalized individuals.

Kumu Hina

Kumu Hina, born Hinaleimoana Wong-Kalu, is a revered Native Hawaiian teacher, cultural practitioner, and community leader, widely celebrated for her efforts to preserve and perpetuate Native Hawaiian culture and traditions. As a māhū, Kumu Hina embodies the fluidity of gender identity, challenging Western binary gender norms and advocating for the recognition and respect of diverse gender expressions within and beyond Indigenous cultures. Kumu Hina's life and advocacy were prominently featured in the award-winning documentary "Kumu Hina.”

David Hockney

David Hockney is a highly influential artist renowned for his vibrant and innovative works spanning painting, drawing, photography, and printmaking.His bold, colorful compositions captured the essence of postwar society. Hockney's versatility as an artist is evident in his diverse body of work, ranging from landscapes and portraits to his iconic swimming pool series, which exude nostalgia and tranquility. He continues to explore new artistic frontiers, earning him widespread acclaim and prestigious awards, including the Order of Merit from Queen Elizabeth II in 2012.

Allan Horsfall

Allan Horsfall was a pivotal British gay rights activist known for his efforts in advocating for LGBTQIA+ rights and the decriminalization of homosexuality in the United Kingdom. Through his involvement with organizations like the Homosexual Law Reform Society (HLRS), Horsfall played a crucial role in lobbying for legislative change and challenging societal stigma and discrimination. His work contributed to the partial decriminalization of homosexual acts in 1967. Despite this achievement, Horsfall continued his advocacy efforts, striving for further reforms and promoting inclusivity and equality throughout his life.

Hyegong of Silla

Hyegong of Silla, the 36th monarch of the ancient Korean kingdom, faced significant challenges during his reign from 765 to 780, marked by internal strife, regional uprisings, and external pressures. Historical records suggest that Hyegong's behavior was described as effeminate, leading modern historians to speculate about his gender identity, with some suggesting he may have been a trans woman. Despite the challenges of his reign, Hyegong's era contributed to Korea's cultural heritage through continued Buddhist practices and significant temple construction.

Christopher Isherwood

Christopher Isherwood was an acclaimed English-American novelist, playwright, and autobiographer known for his perceptive explorations of human nature and society. His novel "Goodbye to Berlin", later adapted into "Cabaret," and his "Berlin Stories" vividly captured the social and political upheaval of Weimar-era Berlin, including the rise of Nazism. Isherwood's candid portrayal of life in Berlin, along with his openness about his homosexuality, challenged societal norms and contributed to greater acceptance of LGBTQIA+ individuals in literature and society.

Kim Coco Iwamoto

Kim Coco Iwamoto, a prominent LGBTQIA+ activist and politician from Honolulu, Hawaii, made history in 2006 by becoming the first openly transgender person to win a statewide election in the United States. Serving on the Hawaii Board of Education, she advocated for LGBTQIA+ students and worked to create inclusive school environments. Iwamoto's achievements have had a significant impact on transgender representation in politics and have inspired LGBTQIA+ individuals nationwide.

David Jay

David Jay is a prominent figure in the asexual community, known for founding the Asexual Visibility and Education Network (AVEN) in 2001. Jay has been a leading advocate for raising awareness about asexuality and providing support to asexual individuals worldwide. His activism has garnered attention from various media outlets, where he has shared his experiences as an asexual person and highlighted the importance of visibility and acceptance for asexual individuals.

Jean II, Bishop of Orleans

Jean II, Bishop of Orleans, served as a prominent religious figure in France during the late 15th and early 16th centuries.Jean II played a significant role in the religious and political landscape of Orleans, overseeing the diocese during a period of tumultuous social and religious change. His tenure as bishop was marked by efforts to navigate the complexities of church-state relations and promote the interests of his diocese amidst the broader upheavals of the era.

Andrea Jenkins

Andrea Jenkins, a prominent American politician and transgender rights advocate, has dedicated her career to fighting for equality and inclusion. Making history in 2017 as the first openly transgender woman of color elected to public office in the U.S., she serves on the Minneapolis City Council, advocating for LGBTQIA+ rights, racial justice, affordable housing, and economic equity. With a background in policy and activism, Jenkins has worked tirelessly to amplify marginalized voices and advance social justice causes.

Dale Jennings

Dale Jennings was a figure in the early American LGBTQIA+ rights movement, co-founding both the Mattachine Society, one of the first gay rights organizations in the United States, and ONE, Inc., which published the first pro-gay publication in the U.S., "ONE Magazine." His activism was ignited by a personal incident in 1952, when he was arrested in Los Angeles on charges of solicitation. Instead of pleading guilty, Jennings publicly fought the charges with the support of the Mattachine Society, ultimately resulting in a jury deadlock and the dismissal of his case.

Elton John

Sir Elton John is a British music icon celebrated for his distinctive voice, flamboyant style, and prolific songwriting. Teaming up with lyricist Bernie Taupin in the late 1960s, they formed one of the most successful songwriting partnerships in popular music history, creating hits like "Your Song" and "Rocket Man." Elton John is renowned for his philanthropy and activism, notably co-founding the Elton John AIDS Foundation in 1992 to support HIV/AIDS awareness and research. Knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1998, he continues to be recognized for his musical contributions and charitable endeavors.

Marsha P. Johnson

Marsha P. Johnson, a prominent LGBTQIA+ rights activist, played a pivotal role in the Stonewall uprising of 1969. Born Malcolm Michaels Jr. in New Jersey, Johnson later embraced her identity as a transgender woman, becoming known for her vibrant personality and tireless advocacy. She co-founded early LGBTQIA+ activist organizations, fought for the rights of marginalized communities, and provided support to homeless LGBTQIA+ youth. Johnson's legacy continues to be celebrated, with posthumous recognition as a grand marshal of the New York City Pride March and through various artistic and scholarly works commemorating her contributions.

Barbara Jordan

Barbara Jordan was a groundbreaking American politician, lawyer, and civil rights leader from Houston, Texas. As the first African American woman elected to the Texas Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives, she was a powerful advocate for civil rights and equality. Jordan's historic keynote address at the 1976 Democratic National Convention made her the first African American woman to deliver such an address at a major party convention, and her role in the Watergate scandal impeachment proceedings against President Richard Nixon earned her bipartisan respect and admiration.

Christine Jorgensen

Christine Jorgensen became internationally renowned in the 1950s as one of the first individuals to undergo gender confirmation surgery. After traveling to Copenhagen for the procedures in 1952, Jorgensen's story attracted widespread media attention upon her return to the United States in 1953. Her openness about her transition challenged societal norms and ignited public discourse about transgender identity and medical interventions.

Frida Kahlo

Frida Kahlo was a queer Mexican painter renowned for her deeply personal and symbolically rich artworks, particularly her portraits and self-portraits. Drawing on her own experiences, Kahlo's art vividly portrays themes of pain, identity, and Mexican culture, blending vibrant colors with symbolic elements. Her work embodies elements of surrealism, symbolism, and realism while addressing broader issues of gender and social identity in Mexican society.

Frank Kameny

Frank Kameny began his activism after being fired from the U.S. Army Map Service in 1957 due to his homosexuality. This dismissal led him to initiate one of the first legal challenges against U.S. government policies discriminating against homosexuals in federal employment. He co-founded the Mattachine Society of Washington, D.C., and played a central role in early gay rights protests, contributing significantly to major advances such as the removal of homosexuality from the APA's list of mental disorders in 1973. Kameny also coined the affirming slogan "Gay is Good," advocating for LGBTQIA+ rights and dignity during a time of widespread societal discrimination.

Billie Jean King

Billie Jean King is a pioneering figure in tennis and a champion of gender equality and LGBTQIA+ rights. Her career is highlighted by her victory in the 1973 "Battle of the Sexes'' match against Bobby Riggs, which played a crucial role in changing public perceptions of women's athletics and advancing gender equality. After coming out as a lesbian, King actively promoted LGBTQIA+ rights and founded several organizations aimed at fostering inclusivity and equality in sports and the workplace.

Hosteen Klah

Hosteen Klah, a revered Navajo medicine man and artist, was renowned for his mastery of Navajo healing ceremonies and the creation of intricate sandpaintings. He played a pivotal role in preserving Navajo spiritual traditions, using sandpaintings as visual representations in healing rituals known as "Chants." Klah's compassion, wisdom, and dedication to serving his community made him one of the most respected figures of his time, traveling throughout the Navajo Nation to conduct ceremonies and provide guidance to those in need.

Larry Kramer

Larry Kramer was a pioneering playwright, author, and LGBTQIA+ rights activist known for his fierce advocacy and groundbreaking contributions to the fight against HIV/AIDS. He co-founded the Gay Men's Health Crisis and later founded ACT UP, revolutionizing the response to AIDS through confrontational activism. Kramer's play "The Normal Heart" and his memoir "The Tragedy of Today's Gays" continue to shed light on the struggles of the LGBTQIA+ community and the urgent need for social and political change.

Crystal LaBeija

Crystal LaBeija was a pioneering African American transgender woman and drag queen known for founding the House of LaBeija, a legendary and influential house in the ballroom scene. LaBeija created the House of LaBeija as a safe space for LGBTQIA+ people of color to celebrate their identities through fierce competition and creativity. LaBeija's legacy as a visionary and icon of resilience continues to inspire empowerment within the LGBTQIA+ community and shape the vibrant ballroom culture today.

Marie Laurencin

Marie Laurencin, a French painter and illustrator, made significant contributions to modern art with her distinctive style and exploration of femininity and romance. Laurencin's portraits of women reflected her own experiences and observations in Parisian society. She remains recognized for her role in the development of Cubism and her unique perspective as a woman artist.

Louise Lawrence

Louise Lawrence was a trailblazing transgender advocate and researcher in the mid-20th century, playing a key role in developing early transgender communities and networks. By collaborating with medical experts and researchers, Lawrence significantly enhanced the understanding of transgender identities and experiences.

Dick Leitsch

Dick Leitsch was a pioneering American LGBTQIA+ rights activist known for his leadership in the early modern LGBTQIA+ rights movement. He notably organized the "Sip-In '' at the Julius bar in New York City in 1966, challenging discriminatory practices and securing a crucial victory against LGBTQIA+ discrimination. As president of the Mattachine Society of New York, Leitsch advocated for LGBTQIA+ visibility and equality.

Li-Yinhe

Li Yinhe, a prominent Chinese sociologist and LGBTQIA+ rights advocate, has dedicated her career to studying and advocating for gender and sexual minorities in China. She has challenged societal norms, promoted understanding of diverse sexual orientations, and advocated for legal reforms to protect LGBTQIA+ rights, including the decriminalization of homosexuality and the legalization of same-sex marriage. Li Yinhe has remained steadfast in her commitment to promoting equality and human rights for LGBTQIA+ individuals, contributing significantly to raising awareness and challenging discrimination in Chinese society.

Audre Lorde

Audre Lorde was a pioneering American writer, poet, feminist, and civil rights activist celebrated for her intersectional approach to identity and oppression. Lorde advocated for the rights and recognition of marginalized communities, particularly women of color, lesbians, and the LGBTQ+ community. Her concept of the "erotic" as a source of female power and her critiques of the "mythical norm" remain central in feminist and queer discourses, while works like "Sister Outsider" and "The Cancer Journals'' continue to inspire individuals and movements advocating for justice and equality. Lorde's legacy continues to shape conversations around social change, emphasizing the importance of acknowledging and celebrating differences as sources of strength.

Phyllis Lyon

Phyllis Lyon, an American lesbian rights activist, co-founded the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) with her partner Del Martin in 1955, establishing the first organization for lesbians in the US. Their advocacy extended to various fronts, including health care, elder care, and domestic violence. Lyon and Martin's lifelong commitment to each other and their activism made them symbols of resilience and progress, culminating in their legal marriage in San Francisco in 2004 and 2008.

Chella Man

Chella Man, a multifaceted American artist and actor, has emerged as a leading advocate for transgender and disabled representation in media and the arts. Identifying as genderqueer, transgender, and Deaf, he utilizes his platform to amplify the voices of marginalized communities and challenge societal norms. Through his striking artwork and groundbreaking role as Jericho in "Titans," Chella Man breaks barriers and fosters greater visibility and acceptance for LGBTQIA+ and disabled individuals.

Morty Manford

Morty Manford was a significant figure in the early LGBTQIA+ rights movement in the United States, co-founding the Gay Activists Alliance (GAA) in 1972 with his mother, Jeanne Manford. Motivated by personal experiences of discrimination and violence, including a police assault during a demonstration in Greenwich Village, Manford dedicated himself to advocating for legal and social reforms to combat LGBTQIA+ discrimination and promote equality. His contributions to activism, including co-founding the Christopher Street Liberation Day March (now New York City Pride March), continue to resonate in the ongoing fight for LGBTQIA+ rights.

Patricio Manuel

Patricio Manuel became the first openly transgender male professional boxer in the United States after a journey marked by challenges and discrimination. Initially competing as a female boxer, Manuel transitioned and faced further obstacles in the male-dominated sport. Manuel made history in December 2018 with his professional debut, solidifying his place as a trailblazer for transgender athletes.

Del Martin

Del Martin was a pioneering LGBTQIA+ rights activist, known for co-founding the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) with Phyllis Lyon in 1955, the first lesbian social and political organization in the US. Martin played a crucial role in advocating for LGBTQIA+ rights, feminism, and inclusivity within the broader social justice movement. Her activism, writing, and leadership alongside Lyon paved the way for greater visibility, acceptance, and legal recognition of lesbian relationships and LGBTQIA+ rights in the United States.

Michelangelo

Michelangelo, a renowned Italian Renaissance artist, excelled in sculpture, painting, architecture, and poetry, leaving an indelible mark on Western art. He gained prominence in Florence under the patronage of Lorenzo de' Medici before moving to Rome, where he created masterpieces like the marble statue of "David" and the iconic frescoes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, including the famous "Creation of Adam." Michelangelo's artistic versatility and skill continue to be celebrated as enduring symbols of his genius.

Harvey Milk

Harvey Milk was a pioneering figure in American politics and one of the first openly gay elected officials in the United States, serving on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. Milk's election in 1977 was a landmark moment in LGBTQIA+ history, symbolizing a significant step forward in the fight for gay rights and visibility in a time of prejudice and discrimination. Milk championed a broad progressive agenda that included not only LGBTQIA+ rights but also protections for the elderly, people with disabilities, and ethnic minorities. Milk's life was tragically cut short when he and Mayor George Moscone were assassinated by a former colleague, Dan White, in 1978. Milk's impact on the LGBTQIA+ movement and American politics has been profound and enduring.

Bob Mizer

Bob Mizer was an American photographer and filmmaker known for his pioneering role in celebrating male physique and bodybuilding culture, particularly within the LGBTQIA+ community. Through his studio, the Athletic Model Guild (AMG), Mizer challenged societal norms by producing and distributing images of muscular men posing in various states of undress, providing a platform for male beauty and sexuality at a time when homosexuality was heavily stigmatized. His work celebrated the sensuality of male physique as art and self-expression, while also fostering a sense of community for LGBTQIA+ individuals.

Luiz Mott

Luiz Mott, a Brazilian anthropologist and LGBTQIA+ rights activist, has been a leading figure in advocating for LGBTQIA+ rights and visibility in Brazil since the 1970s. Co-founding the Grupo Gay da Bahia, Mott has worked tirelessly to raise awareness, challenge discrimination, and advocate for legal and social reforms. Mott's research on LGBTQIA+ history and culture has shed light on the experiences of LGBTQIA+ individuals in Brazilian society.

Zanele Muholi

Zanele Muholi, a South African visual activist, challenges societal norms through their powerful photographic portraits that explore identity, race, gender, and sexuality. Their work documents the lives of Black LGBTQIA+ individuals in South Africa, aiming to combat stereotypes and celebrate the resilience of marginalized communities. Muholi is an advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights, co-founding organizations like the Forum for the Empowerment of Women, and their art has earned international recognition for its impact on social justice.

José Esteban Muñoz

José Esteban Muñoz was a pioneering scholar, critic, and activist known for his profound influence on performance studies, queer theory, and cultural studies. Through works like "Disidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics" , Muñoz explored how marginalized communities, particularly queers of color, negotiate identity and agency through performance and resistance. He introduced the concept of "disidentification" as a survival strategy, advocating for utopian thinking and speculative imagination in works like "Cruising Utopia: The Then and There of Queer Futurity" . Muñoz's dedication to activism, particularly in the fight against HIV/AIDS.

Pauli Murray

Pauli Murray was a pioneering African American civil rights activist, lawyer, feminist, writer, and Episcopal priest who overcame discrimination based on race, gender, and sexuality to become a prominent advocate for social justice and equality in the United States. Murray excelled academically, becoming the first African American woman to earn a J.D. degree from Yale Law School in 1945. Murray fought against discriminatory laws and policies, advocating for civil rights, women's rights, and LGBTQIA+ rights. Her groundbreaking work on gender equality laid the foundation for future legal challenges and advancements. Murray's activism and advocacy inspired and influenced many prominent civil rights leaders and played a crucial role in shaping significant legal and social advancements in the 20th century.

Joan Nestle

Joan Nestle is a prominent American writer, historian, and activist, celebrated for her contributions to the lesbian and queer communities through her scholarship, activism, and by co-founding the Lesbian Herstory Archives in 1974. The Archives emerged as a groundbreaking initiative aimed at preserving lesbian history and promoting the visibility of lesbian lives, cultures, and communities. Nestle's work, which includes editing anthologies, writing essays, and giving lectures, has consistently focused on the intersections of sexuality, gender, and class, emphasizing the importance of storytelling in the fight for social justice and equality.

Willi Ninja

Willi Ninja was a pioneering figure in New York City's LGBTQIA+ ballroom scene, renowned for his mastery of voguing—a dance style characterized by dramatic poses and precise movements. Ninja popularized voguing beyond its origins, collaborating with artists and appearing in music videos to bring the art form to mainstream audiences. Ninja also served as a mentor and advocate for LGBTQIA+ youth.

Alice Nkom

Alice Nkom is a Cameroonian attorney and civil rights activist, known for her work in defending the rights of LGBTQIA+ individuals in Cameroon, where homosexuality is illegal and heavily stigmatized. As one of the first female lawyers in the country, Nkom founded the Association for the Defence of Homosexuals (ADEFHO) in 2003, dedicating her career to challenging discriminatory laws and practices. Her legal battles and advocacy efforts aim not only to protect and advance the rights of LGBTQIA+ people in Cameroon but also to foster a societal shift towards tolerance, equality, and human rights. Despite facing opposition and threats to her own safety, Nkom's commitment to justice and equality has made her a crucial figure in the fight against homophobia and discrimination in Africa.

Patrick O'Connell

Patrick O'Connell co-founded the Washington Blade in 1969, making it one of the oldest LGBTQIA+ newspapers in the US. O'Connell used the Blade as a platform to advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights and visibility, covering issues such as discrimination, HIV/AIDS, and marriage equality. His leadership helped the Blade become a respected voice for LGBTQIA+ advocacy and journalism.

Georgia O’Keefe

Georgia O'Keeffe, an iconic figure in American modernism, is celebrated for her contributions to visual arts, particularly for her distinctive paintings of enlarged flowers, New York skyscrapers, and New Mexico landscapes. O'Keeffe's work challenged the boundaries of the American art scene in the early 20th century. Her artistic legacy continues to inspire discussions on gender, sexuality, and the representation of women in art, making her an enduring symbol of feminist iconography and creativity.

Phyll Opoku-Gyimah

Phyll Opoku-Gyimah, also known as Lady Phyll, is a prominent British LGBTQIA+ rights activist and co-founder of UK Black Pride. She has been a leading voice in advocating for the rights and visibility of LGBTQIA+ individuals, particularly those from Black, Asian, and minority ethnic communities in the UK. Her work has created a vital space for intersectional activism and community building.

Osh-Tisch

Osh-Tisch, a prominent Badé of the Crow Nation in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, defied traditional gender roles by embodying characteristics and duties associated with both men and women. Revered for their skills in embroidery, beadwork, and bravery in battle, Osh-Tisch held a respected position within Crow society, challenging the binary gender norms imposed by European settlers.

Pidgeon Pagonis

Pidgeon Pagonis, an influential intersex activist, writer, and speaker, has played a pivotal role in promoting awareness and understanding of intersex issues and rights. Pagonis uses their personal experiences to highlight the challenges and discrimination intersex individuals face, particularly focusing on the practice of non-consensual medical interventions on intersex children. Their advocacy underscores the significance of bodily autonomy, informed consent, and integrating intersex rights within the broader LGBTQIA+ agendas, while also educating the public and medical professionals about the necessity for more empathetic and patient-centered intersex healthcare approaches.

Connie Panzarino

Connie Panzarino was a pioneering American LGBTQIA+ activist and disability rights advocate, known for her work in raising awareness about the intersectionality of LGBTQIA+ identities and disabilities. Despite living with cerebral palsy, Panzarino embraced her identity as a lesbian and became deeply involved in activism, co-founding organizations like the Disabled Women's Coalition and Lesbians and Friends with Disabilities. Through her writing, Panzarino candidly shared her experiences and advocated for accessibility, inclusion, and representation for people with disabilities within LGBTQIA+ communities.

Arsham Parsi

Arsham Parsi is a prominent Iranian LGBTQIA+ rights activist who has bravely fought for the rights and safety of LGBTQIA+ individuals in Iran and the wider Middle East. Beginning his activism in secret in 2001, Parsi established underground networks to provide support, information, and community for LGBTQIA+ Iranians, eventually founding organizations like the Persian Gay and Lesbian Organization (PGLO) and the Iranian Railroad for Queer Refugees (IRQR) to aid LGBTQIA+ individuals fleeing persecution. Forced to flee Iran himself, Parsi continues his advocacy from exile.

George Quaintance

George Quaintance was an American artist known for his depictions of the male form, particularly within the context of fantastical, romanticized settings that blend elements of classical and Western motifs. Quaintance's work in the mid-20th century laid the groundwork for the emergence of later gay art aesthetics. His paintings and illustrations broke considerable ground in representing and celebrating male-male desire during a period when such expressions were largely suppressed by societal norms. Beyond his contributions to art, Quaintance's work holds a significant place in LGBTQIA+ history and culture, reflecting and influencing shifts in the perception and representation of queer identities and desires.

Ma Rainey

Ma Rainey was a pioneering African American blues singer known as the "Mother of the Blues." Rainey's powerful voice and emotive performances shaped the development of blues music. She challenged racial barriers in the entertainment industry and paved the way for future generations of African American musicians. She was posthumously inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 1982.

Robert Raushenberg

Robert Rauschenberg was a sexually fluid American painter and graphic artist whose work helped to redefine the boundaries between painting and sculpture. Rauschenberg is best known for his "Combines," works that integrated non-traditional materials and objects into traditional canvas paintings. In "Among Friends," all three of Rauschenberg’s ex-partners, artists themselves, are featured alongside other gay peers. This collaboration was fundamental in developing a queer visual language before the terminology itself was created.

Renee Richards

Renee Richards is a pioneering figure in sports and transgender rights, gaining prominence after her gender confirmation surgery in 1975 and subsequent quest to compete in women's professional tennis. Her challenge against the United States Tennis Association's "women-born-women" policy led to a landmark legal battle when she was barred from the 1976 US Open. The New York Supreme Court's 1977 decision in her favor set a precedent for the inclusion of transgender athletes in competitive sports and advancing transgender rights.

Sally Ride

Sally Ride was a pioneering astronaut and physicist, known as the first American woman to travel to space. Selected as one of NASA's first female astronauts in 1978, Ride made history in 1983 as a mission specialist on the Space Shuttle Challenger's STS-7 mission. She later flew on a second space mission in 1984, becoming the first American woman to travel to space twice. After her NASA career, Ride pursued academia and founded Sally Ride Science, dedicated to inspiring young people, particularly girls, to pursue STEM careers.

Sylvia Rivera

Sylvia Rivera, a pioneering transgender activist of Venezuelan and Puerto Rican descent, played a crucial role in the early LGBTQIA+ rights movement during the Stonewall riots of 1969. Alongside Marsha P. Johnson, Rivera advocated tirelessly for marginalized groups within the gay rights movement, particularly transgender individuals, homeless youth, and people of color. She also co-founded the Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (STAR) with Johnson, offering direct assistance to transgender youth experiencing homelessness in New York City.

Gayle Rubin

Gayle Rubin is an influential American anthropologist, feminist, and LGBTQIA+ activist known for her groundbreaking work on sexuality, gender, and the politics of sexual identity. Rubin emerged as a prominent figure in feminist and queer scholarship during the 1970s and 1980s, challenging conventional understandings of sexuality and advocating for sexual freedom and liberation.

RuPaul

RuPaul Charles gained fame as a drag queen, singer, and television personality, notably through his hit single "Supermodel (You Better Work)" and his reality competition series "RuPaul's Drag Race." RuPaul's work has been instrumental in mainstreaming drag culture and promoting LGBTQIA+ visibility and acceptance. Through "RuPaul's Drag Race," he has provided a platform for drag performers to showcase their talents, stories, and resilience while addressing important social and political issues facing the LGBTQIA+ community.

Bayard Rustin

Bayard Rustin was a pivotal figure in the American civil rights movement, best known for his role as the chief organizer of the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, where Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream'' speech. An openly gay Black man at a time when both racial and sexual orientation discrimination were rampant, Rustin's activism was not limited to racial equality; he also advocated for LGBTQIA+ rights and was a proponent of nonviolent protest. Rustin's contributions were crucial in shaping the civil rights movement's strategies and tactics, yet his sexual orientation often forced him to work behind the scenes. Later in life, he spoke more openly about his identity, linking the struggles for gay rights and civil rights as interconnected battles for justice and equality.

Bamby Salcedo

Bamby Salcedo is a transgender Latina activist, renowned for her leadership in advocating for the rights, dignity, and recognition of transgender, gender non-conforming, and intersex (TGNCI) communities, particularly within the Latino and immigrant populations. As the founder of the TransLatin@ Coalition, Salcedo has spearheaded numerous initiatives and programs aimed at supporting the health, wellbeing, and justice for TGNCI individuals. Her activism extends beyond just advocacy, encompassing education, policy reform, and community-building efforts that address the challenges faced by transgender people, including violence, discrimination,and healthcare access.

Michael Sam

Michael Sam made history as the first openly gay player drafted into the National Football League (NFL). His decision to come out in 2014 sparked important discussions about LGBTQIA+ representation and acceptance in sports. Sam's bravery in being open about his identity has had a lasting impact, paving the way for greater visibility and acceptance of LGBTQIA+ athletes in professional sports.

Sappho

Sappho, known as the "Tenth Muse," was an ancient Greek poet renowned for her lyrical verses exploring love, desire, and the natural world. Despite much of her poetry being lost, surviving fragments reveal her poetic genius and unique perspective. Writing primarily in the Aeolic dialect, she is credited with inventing the Sapphic stanza and often celebrated the beauty of women and the depth of female relationships.

Prince Manvendra Singh Gohil

Prince Manvendra Singh Gohil is renowned as the world's first openly gay prince and a prominent advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights. His public coming out, despite facing significant backlash and familial rejection, sparked global conversations about LGBTQIA+ rights, particularly in India. Prince Manvendra's dedication to LGBTQIA+ advocacy includes founding the Lakshya Trust, an organization focused on supporting gay men and combating HIV/AIDS through counseling, advocacy, and sexual health education.

Barbara Smith

Barbara Smith is a pivotal figure in American lesbian feminism, black feminism, and the intersectionality movement. As a co-founder of the Combahee River Collective in the 1970s, she helped introduce the concept of identity politics, focusing on the interconnected nature of race, gender, sexuality, and class oppressions. Smith has made significant contributions to feminist theory and LGBTQIA+ advocacy, advocating for inclusivity and intersectionality in activism, and her work, including the influential anthology "Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology," continues to inspire activists and scholars towards a more equitable and inclusive society.

Bessie Smith

Bessie Smith, known as the "Empress of the Blues," was a pioneering African American blues singer whose powerful voice and emotive delivery made her one of the most influential performers of the 1920s and 1930s. Smith's music resonated with the experiences of African Americans in the Jim Crow era, addressing themes of love, heartbreak, and resilience. She broke down racial barriers in the music industry, achieving unprecedented success as a Black artist and paving the way for future generations of musicians.

Dean Spade

Dean Spade is a prominent transgender activist, scholar, and lawyer known for his advocacy for the rights of marginalized transgender and gender non-conforming individuals. His critical analysis of legal systems, outlined in his book "Normal Life," highlights how these systems often perpetuate violence and discrimination against marginalized communities. Spade advocates for alternative approaches to social change, emphasizing community-based organizing and collective action, and co-founded the Sylvia Rivera Law Project to provide legal services and advocacy for low-income transgender individuals.

Gertrude Stein

Gertrude Stein, an American writer and art collector, was a central figure in the development of modernist literature and art in the early 20th century. Her experimental writing style challenged conventional narrative forms and explored themes of identity and perception. She promoted and supported avant-garde artists like Picasso and Matisse through her legendary art collection and influential Paris salon. As an openly queer woman, Stein's life and partnership with Alice B. Toklas have been celebrated for their contributions to LGBTQIA+ visibility and culture.

Susan Stryker

Susan Stryker is an esteemed American historian, filmmaker, and professor known for her significant contributions to transgender studies and the history of gender and sexuality. Her work documents and analyzes the experiences of transgender individuals offering a critical framework for understanding gender identity. Stryker co-edited "The Transgender Studies Reader" and directed the documentary "Screaming Queens," shedding light on pivotal moments in transgender activism.

Lou Sullivan

Lou Sullivan was a pioneering transgender activist who advocated for the inclusion of transgender men within the LGBTQIA+ community. He founded FTM International, offering support and resources for transgender men and challenging stereotypes. Sullivan's personal narrative and writings documented his experiences with gender transition and HIV/AIDS, contributing to greater understanding and acceptance of transgender identities and experiences.

William Dorsey Swann

William Dorsey Swann was a formerly enslaved African American who lived in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, known for organizing the first drag balls. Swann defiantly asserted his identity and challenged prevailing norms of gender and sexuality, even defending himself in court against anti-LGBTQIA+ laws. His activism laid the groundwork for future generations of LGBTQIA+ activists.

Sylvester

Sylvester was a pioneering American singer-songwriter celebrated for his contributions to disco and LGBTQIA+ culture. Sylvester captivated audiences with his flamboyant style, powerful voice, and infectious dance anthems like "You Make Me Feel (Mighty Real)" and "Do You Wanna Funk." Sylvester championed gender-fluidity and LGBTQIA+ visibility, leaving a lasting legacy that continues to inspire audiences worldwide. Despite his passing in 1988 due to complications from AIDS, Sylvester's music remains timeless, earning him a posthumous induction into the Dance Music Hall of Fame in 2004.

George Takei

George Takei is an American actor, author, and activist renowned for his role as Hikaru Sulu in the original "Star Trek'' series. Takei is a prominent advocate for LGBTQIA+ rights, social justice, and immigrant rights, often drawing on his own experiences in Japanese American internment camps during World War II to address racial injustice and civil liberties. An openly gay man, Takei actively supports marriage equality and anti-discrimination efforts, and he effectively uses his substantial social media presence to engage fans and the public in his advocacy.

Tchaikovsky

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, a renowned Russian composer, crafted some of the most beloved pieces in classical music history, including ballets like "Swan Lake," "The Nutcracker," and "The Sleeping Beauty." His symphonies, notably "Symphony No. 4," "Symphony No. 5," and "Symphony No. 6 (Pathétique)," are celebrated for their emotional depth and structural complexity. Tchaikovsky's music continues to captivate audiences worldwide, reflecting his own inner struggles and emotional turmoil, including his challenges with societal attitudes toward his sexuality.

Booan Temple

Booan Temple, a British lesbian rights activist, played a crucial role in the protest against Section 28, legislation aimed at banning the "promotion" of homosexuality by local authorities and schools in the UK. Alongside a group of activists, Temple invaded the BBC TV news studio in May 1988, disrupting a live broadcast to draw attention to the legislation's detrimental effects. This act of civil disobedience became a symbol of resistance against Section 28 and contributed to its eventual repeal in Scotland in 2000 and the rest of the UK in 2003.

Mickalene Thomas

Mickalene Thomas is a contemporary African American artist whose vibrant multimedia works challenge conventional ideas about beauty, race, gender, and sexuality. Thomas creates intricately detailed paintings that celebrate Black women's identity and beauty, often adorned with rhinestones and glitter. Her art draws from art history, pop culture, and personal experiences, reimagining traditional depictions of femininity and reclaiming space for Black bodies in the art world. Through her diverse range of mediums, including photography and collage, Thomas creates immersive environments that prompt viewers to reconsider societal norms and engage with issues of race, gender, and representation.

Tibira do Maranhão

The Tibira do Maranhão case of 1614 stands as one of Brazil's earliest documented instances of an execution for homosexuality. Tibira, an Indigenous man, was executed for engaging in same-sex acts, reflecting the discrimination prevalent during that era.

Tom of Finland

Tom of Finland, born Touko Laaksonen in 1920, was a Finnish artist celebrated for his exaggerated and stylized portrayals of male homosexuality and masculinity. His iconic drawings, featuring muscular men in various uniforms and leather attire, not only served as expressions of eroticism but also as a bold celebration of gay desire and pride. Tom of Finland's artwork provided visibility and empowerment for the gay community, challenging stereotypes and contributing to a shift in societal attitudes towards homosexuality. Today, his legacy lives on through the Tom of Finland Foundation, dedicated to preserving his extensive body of work and supporting erotic artists.

Laxmi Narayan Tripathi

Laxmi Narayan Tripathi is a prominent Indian transgender rights activist, dancer, and actress who has been a leading voice for transgender rights in India. Tripathi has used her platform as a dancer and performer to raise awareness about transgender issues and advocate for greater recognition and protection for transgender people. Her advocacy work has contributed to greater visibility and acceptance of transgender individuals in Indian society, leading to legal and policy reforms to protect their rights, and she has been recognized with numerous awards and honors for her activism.

Hulleah Tsinhnahjinnie

Hulleah Tsinhnahjinnie is a Two Spirit Native American artist, photographer, and academic of Seminole, Muscogee, and Navajo descent, whose work profoundly explores themes of identity, sovereignty, and the representation of Indigenous peoples. Tsinhnahjinnie challenges conventional portrayals of Native Americans in mainstream media and art.. Her photography and multimedia art not only confront the historical misrepresentation and stereotyping of Indigenous cultures but also celebrate the resilience, diversity, and contemporary realities of Native communities. She has been instrumental in fostering spaces for Indigenous artists to express their identities and histories.

Alan Turing

Alan Turing, a British mathematician and computer scientist, made groundbreaking contributions to computer science and artificial intelligence, including his pivotal role in breaking the German Enigma code during World War II. Turing faced persecution for his homosexuality, leading to his conviction for "gross indecency" in 1952 and subsequent chemical castration. His tragic death in 1954 has since become emblematic of the harmful effects of homophobic laws and attitudes. The 2014 film "The Imitation Game" further popularized Turing's story, cementing his status as both a scientific pioneer and a symbol of LGBTQIA+ rights advocacy.

Alok Vaid-Menon

Alok Vaid-Menon is a non-binary transfeminine writer, performer, and advocate for LGBTQ+ rights who actively challenges traditional gender norms and champions diverse gender identities and expressions. They are renowned for their compelling spoken word poetry, dynamic performances, and insightful writings that explore themes of gender, race, and social justice. As a queer, gender-nonconforming individual of South Asian descent, Vaid-Menon integrates discussions of intersectionality and colonialism into their activism.

Urvashi Vaid

Urvashi Vaid was an Indian-American activist, writer, and lawyer, known for her tireless advocacy for LGBTQIA+ rights and social justice. Vaid held pivotal roles, including as the Executive Director of the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (now the National LGBTQ Task Force), where she was instrumental in expanding the visibility and political influence of the LGBTQIA+ movement. Her work extended beyond organizational leadership to cover a broad range of social justice issues, including civil rights, health advocacy, and anti-discrimination efforts. Vaid's writings and speeches, particularly her book "Virtual Equality: The Mainstreaming of Gay and Lesbian Liberation," offer critiques of the political landscape affecting LGBTQIA+ rights and call for a more inclusive, intersectional approach to activism.

Andy Warhol

Andy Warhol challenged traditional notions of art and aesthetics, blending elements of consumerism, celebrity culture, and mass media in his work. ] Warhol used silk-screening techniques to blur the lines between art and commerce. He delved into experimental filmmaking, exploring themes of boredom, repetition, and time. Warhol's influence extended beyond the art world, shaping popular culture and paving the way for new forms of artistic expression. Additionally, he was openly gay, using his art to explore themes of sexuality and advocating for LGBTQIA+ rights.

Eric C. Wat

Eric C. Wat was a prominent LGBTQ activist, writer, and community organizer, known for his efforts in advancing LGBTQ rights and visibility, particularly within Asian and immigrant communities in Canada. He co-founded the Asian Community AIDS Services (ACAS) and contributed to various LGBTQ organizations, addressing issues like discrimination and HIV/AIDS awareness. Wat's prolific writing further explored the intersections of LGBTQ identity, race, and culture.

Ethel Waters

Ethel Waters, a bisexual American singer and actress, broke racial barriers in the entertainment industry during the early 20th century with her remarkable voice and versatile talent. She was among the first black women to achieve fame in radio, film, and on Broadway. Waters' powerful renditions of jazz and blues standards, along with her acclaimed performances on stage and screen, cemented her legacy as a pioneering figure in American popular music and entertainment.

John Waters

John Waters, often hailed as the "Pope of Trash," is an iconic American filmmaker, writer, and artist known for his contributions to the world of cinema and the arts. His work, characterized by its audacious humor and celebration of the camp aesthetic, has pushed the boundaries of conventional storytelling and film-making. Waters' films, such as "Pink Flamingos," "Hairspray," and "Cry-Baby," not only challenge societal norms and critique mainstream culture but also offer a profound commentary on identity, sexuality, and social class.

We’Wha

We'Wha, born in 1849 in the Zuni Pueblo, was a respected cultural ambassador and leader within the Zuni community, identified as lhamana, embodying both male and female qualities. They traveled to Washington, D.C., in 1886 as part of a Zuni delegation, challenging Western gender norms and educating Americans about Zuni culture. We'Wha's visit helped humanize Two-Spirit identities, promoting understanding and respect for diverse expressions of gender and identity in both Native American and LGBTQIA+ history.

Oscar Wilde

Oscar Wilde, a renowned Irish playwright, poet, and wit, rose to fame in the late 19th century with his sharp wit, social commentary, and flamboyant persona. His literary career spanned poetry and plays, including celebrated works like "The Importance of Being Earnest.” Wilde's life took a tragic turn when he was convicted of homosexuality in 1895, leading to his imprisonment and public disgrace.

Tennessee Williams

Tennessee Williams, one of the most celebrated playwrights of the 20th century, crafted works characterized by poetic language, complex characters, and exploration of human emotions. Williams achieved critical acclaim with iconic plays such as "The Glass Menagerie," "A Streetcar Named Desire," and "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof." His exploration of desire, loneliness, and societal constraints, often featuring LGBTQIA+ themes and characters, revolutionized American theater and literature. Williams's legacy endures through his profound contributions to drama, earning him multiple Pulitzer Prizes, Tony Awards, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

Edie Windsor

Edie Windsor was a prominent LGBTQIA+ activist known for her role in the fight for marriage equality. After experiencing discrimination as a lesbian woman, she challenged the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) in the landmark Supreme Court case United States v. Windsor. Her victory in 2013 struck down key provisions of DOMA, paving the way for federal recognition of same-sex marriages and advancing LGBTQIA+ rights nationwide.

Jeannette Winterson

Jeannette Winterson is celebrated for her innovative narrative techniques and exploration of themes such as love, identity, and sexuality. Her memoir, "Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal?" delves into her challenging upbringing in a strict Pentecostal household, paralleling themes in her award-winning debut novel, "Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit," which explores a young girl's realization of her lesbian identity. Winterson's fiction intertwines elements of magic realism and historical fiction to probe the fluidity of time, history, and personal identity.

David Wojnarowicz

David Wojnarowicz, an influential American artist and activist, channeled his tumultuous upbringing into his provocative work, addressing themes of AIDS, sexuality, politics, and urban life. He emerged as a prominent figure in the downtown New York City art scene of the 1980s, creating raw and confrontational pieces across various mediums. Wojnarowicz's activism was closely intertwined with his art, as he advocated for LGBTQIA+ rights and HIV/AIDS awareness.

Grant Wood

Grant Wood was an American painter celebrated for his iconic portrayal of rural American life. His most famous work, "American Gothic,” features a stern-faced farmer and his daughter standing in front of a simple farmhouse, symbolizing the stoic values of the American heartland. Wood's paintings often depicted scenes of rural life, reflecting his upbringing in rural America.

Virginia Woolf

Virginia Woolf, a pioneering British writer and influential feminist figure, challenged traditional narrative structures and explored human consciousness in her innovative novels such as "Mrs. Dalloway," "To the Lighthouse," and "Orlando." Woolf was a prolific essayist and critic, addressing literature, art, feminism, and social issues in works like "A Room of One's Own" and "Three Guineas." Woolf formed close relationships with other modernist thinkers and intellectuals, though she grappled with mental illness throughout her life, which significantly influenced her writing.

Venus Xtravaganza

Venus Xtravaganza was a transgender woman celebrated for her beauty, charisma, and talent within New York City's ballroom scene during the 1980s. Venus found community and belonging in the ballroom community, where she participated in drag balls and gained attention for her appearance in the documentary "Paris is Burning."

Additional Reading and Resources

LGBTQ+ Pride Flags Resource by the Human Rights Campaign (https://www.hrc.org/resources/lgbtq-pride-flags)

Pride Page-A-Day Calendar 2024: A Celebration of LGBTQIA+ History and Community by Sarah Prager (https://sarahprager.com/pride-calendar/)

Queer X Design by Andy Campbell (https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/titles/andy-campbell/queer-x-design/9780762467853/?lens=black-dog-leventhal)

The LGBTQ+ History Book by DK (https://www.dk.com/us/book/9780744070736-the-lgbtq-history-book/)

365 Gays of the Year (Plus 1 for a Leap Year): Discover LGBTQ+ history one day at a time by Lewis Laney and Charlotte MacMillan-Scott (https://www.quarto.com/books/9780711273702/365-gays-of-the-year-plus-1-for-a-leap-year)

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